The Active Participle (Ism Fā‘il) in Surah Al-Anfāl: Patterns, Functions, and Its Relevance in the Study of Arabic Morphology (Ilm al-Ṣarf) : Studi Linguistik Qur’ani Berbasis Analisis Morfologis dan Pendekatan Induktif

Ihsan Irfandi; Muhammad Sayuti; Moh. Abdul Kholiq Hasan

doi:10.58194/eloquence.v4i2.2822

Authors

Ihsan Irfandi UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta
Muhammad Sayuti UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Moh. Abdul Kholiq Hasan UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58194/eloquence.v4i2.2822

Keywords:

Ism fāʿil; Wazn; Surah al-Anfāl; Arabic morphology; Inductive method.

Abstract

Background: Arabic morphology plays a crucial role in understanding the grammatical and semantic structure of the Qur’anic language.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the patterns, meanings, functions, and syntactic roles of ism fāʿil in Surah al-Anfāl and explore its implications for Arabic grammar instruction.

Method: This research adopts a qualitative approach with a library research method. The primary data source is the Qur'anic text of Surah al-Anfāl, supported by classical linguistic commentaries. The study identifies and classifies ism fāʿil based on morphological patterns (wazn), analyzes their syntactic functions in the verses, and evaluates their grammatical activity (i.e., whether they act as verbs in raising objects). Furthermore, this study discusses how these findings can be adapted into Arabic teaching using an inductive approach.

Results and Discussion: The study found 35 occurrences of ism fāʿil in six different morphological patterns, with فَاعِلٌ as the most frequent. Many forms perform grammatical actions similar to verbs. Most ism fāʿil function as mubtada’, khabar, or faʿil in nominal and verbal sentences. This study fills a gap in the literature by combining linguistic analysis with pedagogical application using inductive teaching models.

Conclusions and Implications: The use of Qur’anic texts for teaching Arabic morphology, especially through inductive methods, enhances both linguistic understanding and spiritual engagement. Future studies should explore other derived noun forms across different surahs using similar models.

References

[1] Mochamad Ismail, “Peranan Psikolinguistik dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab,” Al-Ta’dib, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 285, 2013.https://doi.org/10.21111/at-tadib.v8i2.508

[2] D. B. I. T. A. A. Dr. Badr Ibn Taher Atturghy AlOnezy, “Summary of the Statement Science According to Ibn Al-Atheer,” J. King Abdulaziz Univ. Arts Humanit., vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 319–348, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.4197/Art.30-6.11

[3] G. Darzi, “The Relation between the Language of the Qur’an and Science (A Comparative Approach to the Features of the Language of the Qur’an and Science and Their Important Differences),” J. Interdiscip. Qur’anic Stud., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 117–136, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.37264/jiqs.v1i1.7

[4] Syafaat, “Struktur Alquran Surat Al-Baqarah dalam Perspektif Stilistika Sintaksis,” Bhs. Seni, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 142, 2010.

[5] Abu Abdillah Muhammad bin Dawud Ash-Shanhāji, Matn al-Jurumiyyah. Riyadh: Dār al-Sumai’i.

[6] Syaiful Utama, Dasar-dasar Ilmu Nahwu dan Sharaf untuk Memahami Gramatika Al-Qur’an dan Hadits. Tasikmalaya: Al-Razi, 2014.

[7] A. Alothman and A. M. Alsalman, “An Arabic Grammar Auditor Based on Dependency Grammar,” Adv. Human-Computer Interact., vol. 2020, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8856843

[8] Tarmizi Pransiska, “Konsep I’rab dalam Ilmu Nahwu: Sebuah Kajian Epistemologis,” Al-Mahara J. Pendidik. Bhs. Arab, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 67–75, 2015.

[9] Muhammad Anwar, Ilmu Sharaf. Bandung: Sinar Baru Algensindo, 2016.

[10] L. Q. Hasanah, “Pemanfaatan Teks Media Massa dalam Meningkatkan Penguasaan Kosakata Bahasa Arab,” Tsaqofiya J. Pendidik. Bhs. dan Sastra Arab, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 208–222, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.21154/tsaqofiya.v4i2.115

[11] B. Ruhaya, “Pembinaan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Al-Qur’an Santri Tahfidzul Qur’an Al-Fajri Makassar,” KHIDMAH J. Pengabdi. Kpd. Masy., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 28–32, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.24252/khidmah.v3i1.31312

[12] R. S. Al Anssari and H. S. Jubran, “Adverbial Accusative Case in Arabic,” Eur. J. Lang. Cult. Stud., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 1–7, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.24018/ejlang.2023.2.4.75

[13] N. Azizah, Y. Basthomi, and A. Subianto, “Syntactic Analysis of Surah Qaf English Translation by Muhammad Taqiudin Al Hilali and Muhammad Muhsin Khan,” JoLLA J. Lang. Lit. Arts, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 239–250, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.17977/um064v1i22021p239-250

[14] Nur Rizki Amalia, “Makna-makna Isim Fa’il dalam Al-Qur’an Surah Al-Ma’idah,” Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Palu, 2018.

[15] Masturoh Fitri and Ihwan Mahmudi, “Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab,” Kalamuna J. Pendidik. Bhs. Arab dan Kebahasaaraban, vol. 4, no. 2, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.52593/klm.04.2.07

[16] R. Amaliyah, A. Z. P. Sulthoni, F. Putri, and R. Ridwan, “Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka dengan Pendekatan Induktif di MTsN 1 Kota Kediri,” Al-Fakkaar, vol. 6, no. 1, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.52166/alf.v6i1.7808

[17] M. Rizki and D. Saragih, “Metodologi Pengajaran Kaidah Bahasa Arab: Implementasi Metode Induktif dan Deduktif di MTs Negeri 1 Sragen,” Edukatif J. Ilmu Pendidik., vol. 5, no. 4, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v5i4.4894.

[18] Muhammad Qomaruddin and M. Ridlwan, “Model Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Nilai Islam,” Tarbiyatuna J. Pendidik. Agama Islam, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 17–30, 2022.

[19] Ana Rokhimatun Khabibah, “Analisis Makna Harf al-Jar dalam Al-Qurán Surah Al-Kahf dan Metode Pembelajarannya,” UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta:, 2019.

[20] Faris Maulana Akbar, “Ragam Ekspresi Dan Interaksi Manusia Dengan Al-Qur’an (Dari Tekstualis, Kontekstualis, Hingga Praktis),” Revel. J. Ilmu al-Qur`an dan Tafsir, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 47–65, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.19105/revelatia.v3i1.5799

[21] M. D. M. Thalib, “Konsep Iman, Akal dan Wahyu dalam Al-Qur’an,” Al-Ishlah J. Pendidik. Islam, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 9–29, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.35905/alishlah.v20i1.2661

[22] M. Alshamari and A. Albalwi, “Analysing Appreciating and Criticizing in Standard Arabic: When Morphology Supports Syntax,” Int. J. Lang. Lit. Stud., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 37–55, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v3i1.492

[23] A. Boulaalam and N. El Hannach, “Arabic Ontology: Linguistic Engineering Foundations,” J. e-learning Res., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 29–49, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.33422/jelr.v2i1.378

[24] Aan Najib and Ahmad Abdul Malik, “Semantic Change of Arabic Nouns in the al-Qur’ān: the Form, Process and Social Impact Tagyīr al-Ma’nā min Kalimah Ism al-Lugah al-’Arābiyyah fī al-Qur’ān: al-Syakl wa al-‘Amaliyyah wa al-Âŝar al-Ijtimā’iyyah,” vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 301–321, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.24042/albayan.v12i2.6371

[25] K. Ali and A. Dahmah, “Fakhr al-Din al-Razi’s Usage of The Poetic and Grammatical Citation to Guide The Qur’anic Recitations (Qira’at) in His Interpretation of (Mafatih al-Ghayb),” vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 158–180, 2023.https://doi.org/10.21093/benjole.v3i2.6453

[26] F. Firman, D. Darmawati, A. Halim K, and H. Hamsa, “Kontribusi Morfosintaksis Pada Tema Tentang Nasihat Dalam Kitab Al-Qirā’atu Al-Rasyīdah Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab,” J. Educ., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 8173–8180, Dec. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v7i1.7649

[27] T. Atikah and Maman Abdurrahman, “Analisis Materi Sintaksis dalam Kitab Jurumiyah bagi Pemula di Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyatul Huda,” Tatsqifiy J. Pendidik. Bhs. Arab, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 76–87, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.30997/tjpba.v4i2.8629

[28] Lulu Najwah Zaid, Wardatul Fitria Utami, Muhammad Rifqi Fauzi, and Sahkholid Nasution, “Peran Linguistik dalam Mempelajari Struktur Bahasa Arab,” Semant. J. Ris. Ilmu Pendidikan, Bhs. dan Budaya, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 11–19, Dec. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.61132/semantik.v3i1.1320

[29] Muhammad Redza Zulfikar, “Isim Fa’il dalam Al-Qur’an: Tinjauan Morfologis dan Sintaksis,” Al-Qalamiyah, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 100–115, 2022.

[30] N. Lathifah and M. A. Hafidz, “Pemanfaatan Ayat Al-Qur’an dalam Pembelajaran Struktur Bahasa Arab,” Ta’limi J. Pendidik. Bhs. Arab, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 125–140, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/taalim/article/view/10921

[31] Cahya Edi Setyawan, “Pembelajaran Qawā’id Bahasa Arab Menggunakan Metode Induktif Berbasis Istilah Linguistik,” J. Komun. dan Pendidik. Islam, 2023.

[32] T. Al-Banna, N. Al-Juhani, K. Al-Mutairi, and A. Al-Muhtar, “Pendekatan Inovatif untuk Mengatasi Tantangan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Era Digital,” Ranah Res. J., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 45–60, 2024, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.ranahresearch.com/index.php/R2J/article/download/1473/1201/

[33] R. Mu’awwanah, A. Nurhayati, and L.-L. N. Mufidah, “Teknik Pengajaran Tata Bahasa Arab Dengan Media Kartu Kata Guna Memberikan Pemahaman Tentang Qowa’Id Kepada Peserta Didik,” Irsyaduna J. Stud. Kemahasiswaaan, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 244–255, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.54437/irsyaduna.v2i3.741

[34] Laili Ramadhani and Ainur Rofiq Sofa, “Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Al-Qur’an di Mushollah Zubhatul Hasan : Analisis Metode dan Penerapannya Laili,” vol. 3, no. 1, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.61132/fonologi.v3i1.1532.

[35] M. Romli and A. R. Sofa, “Integrasi Al-Qur’an dan Al-Hadits dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Thoiyyib Hasyim Jorongan Leces Probolinggo: Tantangan dan Peluang dalam Menyongsong Era Digital dan Globalisasi,” Al-Tarbiyah J. Ilmu Pendidik. Islam, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 127–139, 2025, [Online]. Available: https://journal.aspirasi.or.id/index.php/Fonologi/article/view/1532. https://doi.org/10.59059/al-tarbiyah.v3i1.1937

[36] Moh. Suyanto, “Pendekatan Konstruktivistik dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa,” J. Pendidik. Bhs. Arab, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 133–145, 2019.

[37] H. Bulqiyah and A. R. Sofa, “Strategi Meningkatkan Kompetensi Mahārah Qirā’ah dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Pondok Pesantren Rofiu Darojah,” Ikhlas J. Ilm. Pendidik. Islam, vol. 2, no. 2, 2025, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/390945345. https://doi.org/10.61132/ikhlas.v2i2.735

[38] K. Anam and A. R. Sofa, “Penerapan Integrasi Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Agama Berdasarkan Dalil Al-Qur’an: Studi Kasus di MTs Raudlatul Hasaniyah Mojolegi Gading Probolinggo,” Karakter J. Ris. Ilmu Pendidik. Islam, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 26–46, 2025, [Online]. Available: https://www.journal.staidenpasar.ac.id/index.php/ft/article/view/717. https://doi.org/10.61132/karakter.v2i2.521

[39] M. Maswani, M. Abdul Wahab, and A. Fudhaili, “Arabic Language Learning Model Based on Sharf Serap Nalar Ibadah (SSNI): Increasing Understanding of Al-Qur’an,” Arab. J. Pendidik. Bhs. Arab dan Kebahasaaraban, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 15–35, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.15408/a.v1i1.32022

[40] Z. Mardiah, N. Hizbullah, and F. Rachman, “Paradigma Optimality Theory dalam Pembentukan Partisipel Aktif Verba Triliteral Bahasa Arab,” Diwan J. Bhs. dan Sastra Arab, vol. 9, no. 1, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.24252/diwan.v9i1.33236

[41] N. Kholik, S. Subiantoro, and M. Wafa’, “Dialektika Moral Etik Penafsir Otoritarianisme: Pendekatan Hermeneutika Negosiatif Khaleed Moh. Abou El-Fadl,” J. Keislam., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 206–219, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.54298/jk.v6i1.3697

[42] M. S. Rosul and K. Roziki, “Taghyirāt Al-Auzan Al-Arudiyah Fi Ṣyi’ir ‘Ala Sahil Al-Bahr Lanā Garābah: Dirāsah Tahliliyah Arudiyah,” 3rd Annu. Int. Conf. Lang. Lit. Media, vol. 4, p. 334, Sep. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.18860/aicollim.v4i1.1958

[43] R. Raswan, M. Abdul Wahab, and S. Hakki, “Simplifikasi Morfologi Arab (Sharf) Dengan Pendekatan Konstruktivisme Dan Analogi,” Arab. J. Arab. Stud., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 25–37, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.24865/ajas.v7i1.485

[44] A. Arlina, S. N. Khalifah, S. N. Sipahutar, N. A. Gajah, and M. Shifa, “Kemampuan Guru Al-Qur’an Hadis Dalam Menerapkan Metode Pembelajaran di MTS Al-Washliyah Bangun Purba,” El-Mujtama J. Pengabdi. Masy., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 797–803, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.47467/elmujtama.v3i3.2995

[45] K. S. Mahdi and N. Y. Ismail, “The Effect of using inductive, Deductive, and Interactive Approach on Students’ Achievement in teaching Grammar to develop writing skills,” J. STEPS Humanit. Soc. Sci., vol. 2, no. 1, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1283

[46] S. Sabilla, S. M. F. Lubis, and F. Nasution, “Pengajaran Membaca Melalui Pendekatan Kognitif dan Konstruktivisme,” El-Mujtama J. Pengabdi. Masy., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 842–852, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.47467/elmujtama.v3i3.3016

[47] A. Alothman and A. M. Alsalman, “Arabic morphological analysis techniques: A survey and classification,” Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 214–222, 2020.https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2020.0110229

[48] Ibn Hishām al-Anṣārī, Mughni al-Labīb ‘an Kutub al-A‘ārīb, Juz I. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.

[49] M. Mulyadi, “Teori Belajar Konstruktivisme Dengan Model Pembelajaran (Inquiry),” Al Yasini J. Keislaman, Sos. Huk. dan Pendidik., vol. 7, no. 2, p. 174, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.55102/alyasini.v7i2.4482

[50] R. Arham, Marhamah, and D. Djubaedi, “Aplikasi Teori Konstruktivis Pada Al-Qur’an Hadis,” J. Islam. Educ. Stud., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 33–39, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.58569/jies.v1i1.427

[51] N. Fitriansyah, “Literary Discourse on Quranic Studies: A Historical Study on The Model of Literary Interpretation to The Quran,” Thaqafiyyat J. Bahasa, Perad. dan Inf. Islam, vol. 21, no. 2, p. 121, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.14421/thaq.2022.21202

[52] Muhammad Aziz, Ismul Fa‟ili fii Qur‟anil Karim. Palestina: Kuliyah Dirasah al-„ulya, Jami‟ah an-Najah al-Wathoniyyah, 2004.

[53] M. Atef Mosa, “Feature selection based on ACO and knowledge graph for Arabic text classification,” J. Exp. Theor. Artif. Intell., no. September 2022, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0952813X.2022.2125588

[54] B. K. Buana, A. D. Karenina, U. Nafiah, W. Nurrohman, and M. N. Pahlevi, “The Implementation of the 2013 Curriculum in Arabic Learning Based on a Scientific Approach,” Edukatif J. Ilmu Pendidik., vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 6505–6512, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v4i5.3713