Journal title : ELOQUENCE: Journal of Foreign Language Frequency/Accreditation : 3 issues/year (April-August-December) - Sinta 3 DOI : https://doi.org/10.58194/eloquence E-ISSN : 2964-9277 Editor-in-chief : Ibnu Rawandhy N. Hula Journal Manager : Adtman A. Hasan Publication Language : English - Indonesia Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa Institution : IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo, Indonesia ELOQUENCE: Journal of Foreign Language is a multilingual (English-Arabic-Indonesian) peer-refereed journal that promotes research in the field of foreign language teaching and learning, linguistics, literature, approaches, and theories. ELOQUENCE: Journal of Foreign Language Accredited SINTA 3 by the Ministry of Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia with Decree Number 0173/C3/DT.05.00/2025 from Volume Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022) to Volume 6 No. 1, (2027) Topics Include 1. Foreign Language Learning and Teaching (Foreign Language Learning strategy, Foreign Language Curriculum, Foreign Language Learning Media) 2. Linguistics Macro and Micro (Contrastive Analysis, Error Analysis in Learning Foreign Language, Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, and Semantics Aspects of a foreign language) 3. Literature (Comparative Literature, Foreign Language Literature) We invite researchers, academics, and practitioners to submit manuscripts of research results to ELOQUENCE Journal of Foreign Language, E ISSN: 2964-9277. ELOQUENCE is a blind peer-reviewed foreign language journal dedicated to the publication of quality research results in the field of foreign languages (English, Arabic, and Indonesian) with the scope: Macro Linguistics, micro linguistics, literature, second language, translation, and cultural studies. All publications in the ELOQUENCE journal are open access.
Arabic Language Learning Media Innovation through Flash Cards to Improve Understanding of Ta'bir yaumi
Background: The development of digital technology in learning media has changed the way students interact with subject matter. However, although there have been many studies on the use of media in language learning, there is still a lack of research that specifically evaluates the effectiveness of using Flash Cards in teaching ta’bir yaumi in Arabic. Objectives: This study aims to develop Flash Card-based learning media that is effective in improving students' understanding of ta’bir yaumi. The media was designed not only to be visually appealing, but also to fulfill pedagogical principles relevant to language learning. Method: This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method, which aims to produce a certain product while testing its effectiveness. This research has a main focus on the product development process through a series of trials and revisions to produce a product that is ready to be used effectively. In this study, the development model applied is the ADDIE model, which is considered more rational and has simple development stages. This model follows the needs of research and development conducted by researchers. Results and Discussion: At the analysis stage is a stage in analyzing the problems and needs of students. Analyze the problem to find out related problems in the learning process. At the design stage, researchers create storyboards as the first step in media design. Furthermore, at the development stage, researchers began to produce Flash Card learning media. After the media is made, validation is carried out by involving experts. The validation results showed that media experts gave a percentage of 94% (category “very feasible”), material experts 92% (category “very feasible”), and linguists 81% (category “very feasible”). At the implementation stage, the results of the teacher's assessment of this media resulted in a score of 98%, which is included in the “very feasible” category based on the eligibility criteria table. Student responses also showed a score of 98%, which is also included in the “very feasible” category. At the evaluation stage, the t-test produced a t-value of -36.582 with a degree of freedom (df) of 14 and a significance value (Sig. 2-tailed) of 0.000. This very small p-value (p < 0.05) indicates a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores. This confirms that the use of Flash Card learning media effectively improves students' understanding of the material provided. Conclusion and Implication: This study shows that Flash Card-based learning media can significantly improve students' understanding of ta’bir yaumi in Arabic language learning. It was also shown to increase learning motivation, and student engagement, as well as the ability to recall vocabulary and colloquial expressions. The findings underscore the importance of developing creative and technology-based learning media to support the language learning process more effectively.
Copyright (c) 2025 Akmal Pontoh, Sahrul Muhamad, Muh. Rizki Gobel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Algospeak: The Evolution of Language in the Age of Social Media in Indonesia
Background: The rapid expansion of digital platforms has given rise to new linguistic practices, including algospeak, a creative strategy used by users to circumvent algorithmic moderation. Purpose: This study examines the morphological patterns, social functions, and broader implications of algospeak in Indonesian social media. Method: Employing a qualitative descriptive approach with a digital sociolinguistic case study design, the research analysed 500 posts collected purposively from Twitter (X), TikTok, and Instagram during 2023–2025. Data were gathered through digital documentation and screened based on linguistic relevance. Analytical procedures combined morphological analysis, sociolinguistic interpretation, and critical discourse analysis, while validity was ensured through triangulation of sources and theories, peer debriefing, and limited member checking. Results and Discussion: The findings reveal four dominant morphological strategies: phonological/orthographic substitution, abbreviation and acronyms, blending and hybridisation, and euphemism/metaphor. These patterns demonstrate that algospeak functions not only as a technical tactic to avoid censorship but also as a form of humour, solidarity, and community identity. Beyond describing linguistic forms, the study contributes to bridging a gap in digital sociolinguistics by highlighting a non-Western perspective and showing how morphology operates as a site of resistance and adaptation to algorithmic control. Conclusions and Implications: algospeak reflects the dynamic interaction between human creativity and technological governance, underscoring the need to rethink keyword-based moderation and integrate digital language practices into literacy and education. Future research should expand toward multimodal analysis and cross-linguistic comparison to better capture the global evolution of language in algorithm-driven environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lamsike Pateda, Lamsike Pateda, Ibnu Rawandhy N. Hula, Ana Mariana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of Translanguaging in Enhancing Students’ Enthusiasm in Mu’askar Lughoh: A Linguistic–Psychological Study
Background: One of the activities that supports Arabic language learning is Mu’askar Lughoh, which applies a translanguaging approach. From both linguistic and psychological perspectives, this approach is considered capable of increasing students’ enthusiasm for learning Arabic. Purpose: This study aims to further explore the translanguaging from a linguistic perspective, translanguaging from a psychological perspective, and assess students’ level of enthusiasm. Method: This research employs a mixed-methods design. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and documentation involving 43 Arabic Language Education students at UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling type. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s framework along with descriptive statistical analysis. Results and Discussion: From a linguistic perspective, the application of translanguaging helped students understand the material more comprehensively. From a psychological perspective, translanguaging positively contributes to increasing students’ self-confidence and willingness to communicate in Arabic, which in turn fostered greater enthusiasm for participating in Mu’askar Lughoh. The mean level of students’ enthusiasm is 89,93 with a standard deviation of 11.95, which falls into the moderate category. Conclusions and Implications: Application of translanguaging in Mu’askar Lughoh holds significant potential for developing students’ Arabic language proficiency. The organizers of Mu’askar Lughoh can use the research results as evaluation material to boost students’ enthusiasm by reviewing and improving the curriculum, teaching strategies, learning facilities, and non-formal activities. Further research could examine the effectiveness of translanguaging through a longitudinal approach and broaden the analysis to include cultural and social factors that may influence the program’s success, thereby further enhancing student enthusiasm.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luluk Yuliani, Icha Gilang Permata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Ambivalence, Mimicry and Marginalized Masculinity: A Bhabha-Connell Reading of Dars in Vienna 60
Background: the cultural clash between East and West when Dars visited Vienna in the 1960s. Purpose: Analyze the postcolonial form and crisis of masculinity experienced by Dars in Yusuf Idris' novel Vienna. Method: Using a qualitative descriptive research design Regarding the text of Vienna 60, by Yusuf Idris with textual analysis using Miles & Huberman. The primary data was the text of novel Vienna 60 by Yusuf Idris. The research population was the entire text of the novel, and the sample consisted of sentences containing elements of postcolonialism (Bhabha) and the crisis of masculinity (Connell). The instruments were developed by the researcher himself, and the data collection technique was note-taking and reading. The data analysis technique was data reduction, data presentation, and verification. Results and Discussion: The findings show that Dars experiences an identity and masculinity crisis. Ambivalence is evident when he admires Western culture but also feels alienated. Mimicry is seen when he tries to imitate the language used by Westerners. The potential for hybridity occurs in his encounters with Western women. Dars experiences a masculinity crisis related to his race and origins in the East. Therefore, Dars exhibits ambivalence, failed mimicry, and marginalized/subordinate masculinity. This research contributes by adding gender issue analysis of the character. Conclusions and Implications: Dars experiences cultural incompatibility, which causes him to experience a crisis of masculinity. This illustrates how migration between the West and the East not only experiences alienation but also gender issues. This study expands the postcolonial discourse in modern Arabic literature by integrating gender analysis through Connell's lens. Therefore, it is hoped that further research will deepen postcolonial studies, especially gender in literary works.
Copyright (c) 2025 Saryfa Amanda, Abdul Muntaqim Al Anshory https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Critical Discourse Analysis of Media Power in Reporting the 19% US Tariff on Indonesian Exports: A Comparative Study of Indonesian and Middle East News Outlets
Background: Media discourse on international trade is not neutral; it reflects ideological positions through language. Purpose: This study aims to analyze how Indonesian and Middle East media linguistically frame the 19% US tariff on Indonesian exports using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). Method: The research applied a qualitative descriptive design with Van Dijk’s CDA framework. Six online news articles published in July 2025 were purposively selected from major Indonesian (Tempo, Metro TV, The Jakarta Post) and Middle Eastern outlets (Al Jazeera, Sky News Arabia, Al Arabiya) based on relevance to the 19% tariff issue and narrative completeness. Articles were analyzed through Van Dijk’s macro–super–micro structure. Coded independently by two researchers using a shared coding guide before reconciling discrepancies through consensus, ensuring analytic reliability. Cross-checking linguistic patterns, thematic structures, and translations of Arabic texts further strengthened the credibility of the findings. Results and Discussion: The findings show that the six outlets cannot be classified by region, as their ideological orientations diverge within and across Indonesia and the Middle East. Indonesian media emphasize domestic stakes—technocratic caution, economic vulnerability, or sovereignty-driven critique—while Middle Eastern outlets embed the tariff within global power dynamics, ranging from anti-hegemonic (Al Jazeera) to pro-U.S. (Al Arabiya) or semi-neutral (Sky News Arabia). Across macro, super, and micro levels, ideological positioning arises from institutional agendas rather than geography. Shared strategies—evaluative lexis, power metaphors, and selective sourcing—function as socio-cognitive cues. That shape mental models of hierarchy and inequality, ultimately legitimizing specific interpretations of U.S.–Indonesia trade relations. Conclusions and Implications: The study shows that ideological framing of the tariff stems from outlet-specific discursive choices rather than regional identity. Language thus helps reproduce global power asymmetries. Future research should expand datasets and integrate socio-cognitive approaches to deepen analysis.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hilmy Aqila Sukmono, Abdul Basid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Managing Madrasah’s Arabic Instructional Archives
Background: The management of instructional document archives for Arabic language learning in madrasahs plays a crucial role in supporting the effectiveness of instructional management and improving the quality of education. However, various instructional documents such as lesson plans, modules, teaching materials, evaluation instruments, and learning outcome reports are often not systematically documented, which creates difficulties for teachers and madrasah administrators in planning, implementing, and evaluating the teaching process. Purpose: This article aims to examine the urgency of implementing archival management of Arabic language instructional documents in madrasahs and to propose solutions based on modern archival principles to ensure more effective, efficient, and sustainable document management. Method: This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach, highlighting the current practices of instructional document archival management in madrasahs and analyzing them within the framework of educational archival management principles. Results and Discussion: A structured management system for Arabic language instructional document archives can enhance accountability, improve instructional management, and contribute to the overall quality of education in madrasahs. The implication is that madrasahs should adopt archival systems based on modern principles, both physical and digital, to support teacher professionalism and the sustainability of the learning process. Conclusions and Implications: The findings reveal that weak archival management in madrasahs leads to disorganized instructional documents, limited accessibility, and potential loss of important records. The application of modern archival principles is shown to better organize instructional documents, facilitate easier access, and ensure both security and sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Faliqul Isbah, Moh Nurul Huda, Sukma Zuliana, Muhammad Rifai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Perceptions of Non-Native Arabic Dialects Among Indonesian Students: A Sociolinguistic
Background: Arabic, as a global language, is learned by students across Indonesia who bring diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. These differences influence pronunciation, identity expression, and interaction dynamics, particularly when non-native dialects emerge in academic communication. Purpose: This study analyzes Indonesian graduate students’ perceptions of non-native Arabic dialects, focusing on linguistic variation, social interaction, cultural identity, and academic social norms. Method: This qualitative case study involved five graduate students from Aceh, Java, Bone, Maluku, and Madura. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted over two weeks. Thematic analysis following Braun & Clarke’s (2006) six-phase model was used, supported by member checking to ensure credibility. Result and Discussion: Students viewed dialect variation as a natural reflection of cultural diversity. Some reported challenges in understanding pronunciation differences, while others perceived interactions across dialects as enriching and supportive of linguistic tolerance. Academic norms still prioritize fushah Arabic, yet students’ regional identities remain evident in their speech.. Conclusions and Implications: This study findings highlight the importance of integrating sociolinguistic awareness into Arabic curricula to improve cross-dialect communication competence, cultural sensitivity, and inclusive learning practices
Copyright (c) 2025 Fatia Rahmanita, Maryam Nur Annisa, Holis, Syaiful Mustofa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Class Stratification and Qira’ah Proficiency in Ma’had Al-Jami’ah: A Qualitative Evaluation
Background : Reading Arabic texts (Qira’ah) is a fundamental skill in Arabic language learning, particularly within Islamic higher education. However, diverse levels of student proficiency often result in learning gaps that hinder instructional effectiveness. To address this, class classification strategies based on initial Arabic ability have been introduced as a pedagogical innovation to enhance differentiated instruction and equitable learning outcomes. Objective: This study aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness of class classification strategies in improving students’ Qira’ah proficiency and to identify pedagogical factors that support or hinder the successful implementation of this approach. Method : This study employed a qualitative descriptive method, utilizing interviews and classroom observations as the primary tools for data collection. The participants consisted of eight Arabic language instructors and twenty students representing various proficiency levels. The data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns in learning experiences and instructional effectiveness across different class categories. Results and Discussion :The findings indicate that diagnostic assessments effectively support student placement, allowing instructional materials to align with learners’ linguistic readiness. Beginner students showed marked improvement in vocabulary mastery and comprehension, while advanced students benefited from authentic text engagement and analytical exercises. Nevertheless, limited class mobility and uneven progression across levels constrained the system’s overall effectiveness. Conclusion and Implications : Adaptive and context-based class classification strategies are essential to enhancing Qira’ah competence. The study recommends continuous formative assessment, mentoring systems involving peer tutors, and targeted teacher training to ensure sustainable improvement. These findings contribute to the development of more inclusive and responsive Arabic pedagogy in Islamic higher education.
Copyright (c) 2025 M. Jais Kaharudin, widiya yul, Riko Andrian https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Comparative Study of Macro- and Microstructures in al-Muʿjam al-Wasīṭ, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, and Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language: Implications for Digital Lexicography
Monolingual dictionaries play a crucial role in applied linguistics because they provide definitions and contextual meanings without involving another language. This study compares the macrostructure and microstructure of three monolingual dictionaries representing different linguistic traditions, al-Muʿjam al-Wasīṭ for Arabic, the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (OALD) for English, and the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) for Indonesian. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and content-analysis techniques, data were taken from dictionary entries and their presentation systems, supported by recent lexicographic literature in Arabic, English, and Indonesian. Results show fundamental differences in entry systems and lexical information. Al-Muʿjam al-Wasīṭ organizes entries by root (al-jadhr [الجذر]) and derivation (al-isytikāq [الاشتقاق]); the OALD highlights phonetic and collocational aspects, while the KBBI emphasizes normative and standardizing functions. The research concludes that the balance between macrostructure and microstructure determines dictionary effectiveness. It recommends developing a digital Indonesian monolingual dictionary that combines the Arabic morphological search system with the English-style richness of microstructural features.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mafatihatul Maqhfiroh, Umi Kulsum, M. Husni T, Mawardi Yahya, Merry Choironi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Islamic Educational Values and Sustainable Development: A Semiotic Study of Sayid Idrus bin Salim Al-Jufri’s Poem “al-ʿIlm” through Roland Barthes’ Framework
Background: Islamic education integrates knowledge, faith, and morality to foster holistic character building and sustainable social development, while addressing the existing research gap concerning the limited scholarly attention toward classical Islamic poetry in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Objective: This study examines the values of Islamic education and their relevance to the SDGs as reflected in the poetry of Sayid Idrus bin Salim Al-Jufri through Roland Barthes’ semiotic framework, analyzing five selected stanzas (n = 5) from his poem al-‘Ilm. Method: Using a descriptive qualitative-analytical design, this research applies Barthes’ three levels of semiotic analysis denotative, connotative, and mythological to interpret educational, moral, and spiritual meanings. The five stanzas were selected through purposive sampling based on their representation of Al-Jufri’s educational and ethical values. The analysis was supported by semiotic tables, literature documentation, and validation through theoretical and source triangulation to ensure analytical reliability. Results: The findings reveal core Islamic educational values including the pursuit of knowledge, moral integrity, social responsibility, and devotion to God. These values align with SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions), and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals). The study also highlights the theoretical significance of integrating Barthesian semiotics with Islamic literary tradition, and its practical contribution to strengthening value-based educational discourse. Conclusion: The poem al-‘Ilm serves as an effective semiotic medium for value-based education, contributing to sustainable human development and offering insights for future research on sustainability-oriented Islamic education in the modern era.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nida Fauziyah Fitriani, Minatur Rokhim, Nur Hasaniyah, Fikri Aulia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Sufistic Symbolism in Popular Music: A Study of Noe Letto's Lyrics Through Eero Tarasti's Perspective
Background: Song lyrics serve as a medium for reflecting on a composer's spiritual and existential journey. There is a need to understand how Sufi symbolism constructs the concept of self (Dasein) and its relationship with the Transcendent. Purpose: This study aims to examine the Sufi symbolism in Noe Letto’s songs “Sebelum Cahaya” and “Sandaran Hati,” focusing on how he reflects his existentialism to construct Dasein and Transcendence using Eero Tarasti’s existential semiotics. Method: This qualitative study employs Eero Tarasti’s existential semiotics as the main analytical framework to examine Sufistic symbolism in Noe Letto’s song lyrics. The analysis focuses on two selected works, “Sebelum Cahaya” and “Sandaran Hati”, using lyric-based qualitative data to trace how symbols articulate dimensions of Dasein and Transcendence. Results and Discussion: The findings of this study indicate that Noe Letto, through his lyrics, effectively reflects his Sufi journey. He successfully illustrates the concept of Dasein (self-existence) while connecting himself to the transcendent domain. Further discussion indicates that Noe Letto is able to strengthen the bond between God and humans, making the relationship feel close and affectionate. Although this study is limited to two song lyrics, these findings provide deep insight into the mechanisms a composer uses to articulate his spiritual journey to achieve transcendence. Conclusions and Implications: In conclusion, this study confirms that a composer's creative process is a unique and authentic means of self-expression. Consequently, this article contributes to a new theoretical understanding of the significance of a composer's work and offers a method for deducing (obtaining) the existential meaning of song lyrics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ida Nursida, Hatta Raharja https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Development of a Web-Based Illustrated Acehnese - Indonesian Dictionary for Primary Education
Background: The use of the Acehnese language among young generations has significantly declined in recent years, particularly at the primary school level. One of the main contributing factors is the lack of engaging, interactive, and contextually relevant learning resources for teaching the Acehnese language. Purpose: This study aims to design and develop a web-based illustrated Acehnese–Indonesian dictionary as an innovative learning resource to support Acehnese language learning in primary schools. The dictionary is designed to be child-friendly, culturally contextual, and accessible through various digital devices, and is expected to address the scarcity of Acehnese language learning media that teachers have long faced. Method: This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4D model (define, design, development, disseminate). Data were collected through observations, interviews, and questionnaires involving 6 primary school teachers, 3 Acehnese language experts, 3 information technology experts, and 30 students as end users. The data were analysed using qualitative descriptive methods to examine the content and technical feasibility, and quantitative descriptive methods to assess user responses towards the developed dictionary prototype. Results and Discussion: The results indicate that the web-based illustrated Acehnese-Indonesian dictionary is feasible for use as a learning medium for the Acehnese language in primary schools. Validation by language experts received an average score of 89%, IT experts 83%, limited trials with students 92%, and teachers 94%. Conclusions and Implications: These findings suggest that the developed dictionary is effective, user-friendly, and has strong potential to support the revitalisation of the Acehnese language through formal learning in primary schools. The developed dictionary is feasible and recommended for classroom use, yet requires continuous content updates and training for teachers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahil Helmi, Dinda Destari, Inas Ghina, Melda Munawwarah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Descriptive Writing Ability of Elementary Students Using Picture Media: A Qualitative Analysis
Background: According to the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018, Indonesia was 74th out of 79 countries in reading literacy. This PISA result shows that Indonesian students' reading and writing skills are much worse than those of students in Thailand, Malaysia, and other countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Writing ability is one of the most important parts of being literate. Purpose: This study investigates the vocabulary utilization of elementary school students in composing descriptive paragraphs through the use of visual media. The study aims to ascertain the descriptive paragraph writing proficiency of elementary students utilizing pictorial media, to delineate the disparities in the quantity and diversity of vocabulary employed by the students, and to examine the factors contributing to challenges in composing descriptive paragraphs. Method: This study utilizes a qualitative descriptive methodology. The study's population comprises students from SDN 07 Kota Jantho, located in Aceh Besar District. The sample was chosen using purposive sampling, which meant that 30 students from grades IV, V, and VI were chosen. The research instrument employed consisted of colored images aimed at assessing the students' capacity to compose descriptive paragraphs. Results and Discussion: The study's findings reveal disparities in writing proficiency among students at different grade levels, predominantly characterized by the use of elementary vocabulary and straightforward sentence structures. The number of sentences produced by Grade VI students is consistently higher compared to those in Grades IV and V. This reflects a greater maturity in expressing ideas and maintaining topic continuity throughout a paragraph. Conversely, various factors were recognized as contributors to writing challenges, such as insufficient ideas, restricted vocabulary, diminished interest, inadequate comprehension of paragraph structure and visual content, and a deficiency in self-confidence. Conclusions and Implications: This study also contributes to mapping the basic writing abilities of elementary school students in Aceh Besar, which have previously been limited in empirical research. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for teachers, policymakers, and other researchers in designing more contextual literacy programs based on students’ needs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dinda Destari, Nurun Nisa, Nurainun Ayu Fathanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Enhancing Reading Comprehension in Junior High School Through the QAR Strategy
Background: Reading comprehension represents a crucial aspect of learning English effectively, yet many junior high school students struggle to interpret and engage meaningfully with texts. Purpose: This study examines the impact of the Question Answer Relationships (QAR) strategy on enhancing students’ performance in reading comprehension. Method: This study employed a quantitative one-group pretest–posttest design involving 30 students from an Islamic Public Junior High School (JHS) in Karanganyar, selected through simple random sampling. Pre- and post-tests based on descriptive texts aligned with the national English curriculum were administered, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired-sample t-test to assess changes in students’ reading comprehension. Results and Discussion: The analysis showed that employing the QAR strategy resulted in a notable enhancement of students’ reading comprehension abilities. The average score improved from 22.67 on the pre-test to 32.53 on the post-test. Statistical results from the paired-sample t-test verified a significant improvement (t = –26.191, p < .001), indicating the effectiveness of the intervention. These results suggest that QAR supports students’ understanding of text by helping them differentiate between information derived directly from the text and knowledge constructed from prior understanding, thereby strengthening metacognitive engagement and filling the gap in strategies for fostering comprehension at the junior high level. Conclusions and Implications: The implementation of the QAR strategy provides a learning experience that guides students to think critically, understand the relationship between questions and the text, and gradually enhance their reading comprehension skills. QAR can serve as an innovative instructional approach for English teachers to foster students’ deeper understanding of reading comprehension.
Copyright (c) 2025 Afrizal Fikri Fathoni, Budiasih, Sujito, Zainal Arifin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effect of Generative AI Tools (Grammarly and ProWritingAid) on Students' Writing Skill
Background: The integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) into English language education has transformed writing instruction, yet empirical comparisons of its tools remain limited. Purpose: This study investigates the comparative effect of Grammarly and ProWritingAid on EFL students’ academic writing skills. Method: A quasi-experimental design was employed with three intact groups (n=37): Grammarly (n=13), ProWritingAid (n=11), and electronic dictionary control (n=13). Writing pre-test and post-test data were analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test due to violations of normality and homogeneity assumptions. Results and Discussion: A significant difference was found among groups (χ²=10.544, p=0.005). ProWritingAid yielded the highest mean rank (24.73), followed by Grammarly (21.81), and electronic dictionary (11.35). Post-hoc Mann-Whitney tests confirmed significant gains for both AI tools over the control (p<0.05), but no significant difference between Grammarly and ProWritingAid (p=0.792). Conclusions and Implications: Both AI tools effectively enhance writing skills, with ProWritingAid showing slight superiority in stylistic and structural feedback.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rosi Anjarwati, Daning Hentasmaka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Formal & Dynamic Equivalence in Two English Translations of Nancy Ajram’s “Fi Hagat” Song
Background: Arabic songs have recently gained popularity among Indonesian audiences. Nancy Ajram, a Lebanese artist, is one of the most well-known singers whose songs are widely appreciated. The translation of Arabic song lyrics into English involves complex decisions regarding linguistic fidelity, emotional resonance, and cultural adaptation. Purpose: This research aims to identify the translation techniques used in each version and to analyze their implications, thereby providing a deeper understanding of how meaning, emotion, and cultural nuance are conveyed in song lyrics. Method: A qualitative descriptive approach with textual analysis was employed. Data were drawn from 17 representative verses from the original Arabic lyrics and their English counterparts on genius.com and lyricstranslate.com. Results and Discussion: To maintain naturalness and emotional impact in English, dynamic equivalence predominates, with the total usage rate 69% of both translations. Meanwhile, formal equivalence is applied selectively, accounting for 31% of both translations to preserve structural fidelity in specific phrases. The key differences between the two translations involve lexical shifts, syntactic restructuring, and cultural adaptations that alter connotations while still maintaining the overarching themes. Conclusions and Implications: This study reveals a marked preference for dynamic over formal equivalence, prioritizing emotional depth and cultural nuance over syntactic fidelity. This confirms that translating lyrics of romantic distress necessitates an interlingual approach to preserve the source text’s affective impact. Although offering a novel comparative perspective, the research is limited by its single-song scope and the exclusion of musical dimensions and audience reception.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rugayyah binti Alwi Muladawilah, Moh. Zawawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Metafora Perempuan Sebagai Pembantu Dalam Novel Prosa Lirik “Pengakuan Pariyem”: Kajian Linguistik Kognitif
Background: Women are often trapped in traditional stereotypes, viewed merely as supporters of men, particularly in patriarchal narratives. In this study, metaphors are used to illustrate how people understand and think about a sosial situation. Purpose: This research aims to describe how women as maids are metaphorized. Method: The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. The data source is sentences containing metaphors included in the novel Pengakuan Pariyem. This study analyzes 35 metaphorical expressions from Linus Suryadi’s Pengakuan Pariyem using Lakoff and Jhonson (2003) conseptual metaphor theory to uncover the representation of women in the Javanese patrichal system. The data source use in this study is literary works using a cognitive approach. Results and Discussion: This study succeeded in finding analogies of women's lives as maids, such as water, animals, flavors, and objects. Physical analogies of women as helpers such as plants, objects, and colors. In addition, metaphors about religion, emotions, thoughts, human relationships, and morality were also found. Conclusions and Implications: The metaphors in the novel describe female characters who do not give up on their lives, even though they are less fortunate.
Copyright (c) 2025 Latifah Rahmadani Putri, Suhandano https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Utilizing Artificial Intelligence and ChatGPT in English Learning: Students’ Perception and Challenges
Background: The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in teaching and learning at universities is unavoidable trend in the Industry 4.0 age. This study uniquely integrates the 5E learning model with ChatGPT in a real EFL classroom context, which is till underexplored in Indonesian tertiary education. Purpose: The aims of this research are to investigate students’ perception and experience of using AI technology application in English Classes and their challenges. It focuses on the influence of ChatGPT in the five aspects of 5E learning, namely engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration, and evaluation, which were analyzed from questionnaire and interview. Method: The Students having experience using chat GPT of General English class at the second semester in State Islamic University Ponorogo took part in this study. This study employed mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative research approach), with data being gathered via questionnaire and interview. Results and Discussion: The finding based on students’ perception indicate that artificial intelligence can be an effective tool to aid student in English teaching and learning process. The students showed positive view of ChatGPT (M=2,7-3,02) in the learning process, including in the 5E learning model. The students felt that ChatGPT helped to increase their engagement and enthusiasm for learning English. ChatGPT not only facilitates understanding and build English language skill but also provides an interesting and interactive learning experience. However, some students meet challenges such as limiting access, signal strength, inaccurate answers, and a lack of prompts. Another challenge is AI can make some students feel lazy to learn and depend on AI tools. Conclusions and Implications: It is suggested that using AI should be followed by prompt formulation training and be done by considering other reference sources both books and journals and should be balanced with human interaction in Language Learning. By comparing several reference sources and interacting with humans, it will help students gain a broader perspective and avoid laziness of thinking and dependence on AI.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Hasanah, Nur Aini Syah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Decade of Arabic Language Education Research in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education: A Bibliometric Mapping of Theses and Dissertations (2015–2024)
Background: Research on Arabic language education at the postgraduate level in Indonesia remains fragmented and thematically repetitive, highlighting the need for systematic mapping.. Purpose: This study aims to examine the development, thematic trends, and methodological patterns of Arabic language education research at the postgraduate level. Method: Using a descriptive bibliometric design, 113 postgraduate documents (104 master’s theses and 9 doctoral dissertations) archived in the institutional repository of UIN Alauddin Makassar between 2015 and 2024 were analyzed through total sampling. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer to visualize keyword co-occurrence, density, and temporal trends. Results and Discussion: The findings reveal a significant increase in research productivity, particularly in 2023–2024, with dominant themes focusing on teaching methods, learning outcomes, and digital media integration. However, thematic diversity remains limited, indicating a tendency toward topic repetition. Conclusions and Implications: These findings support the development of institutional research roadmaps, mandatory methodology training for postgraduate students, and improved repository manag
Copyright (c) 2025 Tadzkiratul Maghfirah, Himayah, Hamka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Voices from the Barzakh: A Sociological Reading of Refugee Suffering in Omayma Abdullah’s al-Ṭarīq 'abra al-Barzakh
Background: The short story al-Ṭarīq 'abra al-Barzakh is a literary work that reflects the suffering of Sudanese refugees during the 1956–2005 conflict, which is important to study. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the forms of suffering experienced by Sudanese refugees in the short story “al-Ṭarīq 'abra al-Barzakh.” Method: This study uses a library method, with the short story al-Ṭarīq 'abra al-Barzakh as the primary data source. The analysis focuses on textual elements such as narrative, dialogue, and description. Wellek and Warren's the sociology of content of the literary work approach is used, supported by Agamben's theory of bare life to understand how the suffering of refugees is represented in the story. Result and Discussion: The results of the study show five forms of suffering, namely physical, psychological, social, existential, and spiritual. This is caused by the collapse of Sudan's socio-political structure, which places refugees in a state of bare life, namely biological existence without social or legal protection. This forces refugees to live without protection, without a country, and without access to basic needs. Conclusions and Implications: This study shows that short stories function as social documents that record the tragedy of displacement while also showing how humans are reduced to bare life in situations of war. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of literature as a medium of collective memory and a means of understanding trauma, marginalization, and the dynamics of humanity in the study of displacement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Azkiyatunnisa, Ulil Abshor, Ekawati, Fitri Liza, Mawardi Mawardi, Deva Yohana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0