PENEGAKAN ETIKA BISNIS DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF MAQASID AL-SYARI'AH DALAM PENJUALAN IKAN TIDAK SEGAR DI PASAR 23 MARET KELURAHAN GOGAGOMAN KECAMATAN KOTAMOBAGU BARAT

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of Islamic business ethics in the practice of fish trading at Pasar 23 Maret Kotamobagu from the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. The analysis focuses on the sale of non-fresh fish and its implications for consumer protection and Islamic ethical values. This research employs a qualitative method with a juridical-empirical approach. Primary data were obtained through field observations and in-depth interviews with fish traders, consumers, and market management, while secondary data were collected from fiqh mu‘āmalah literature, statutory regulations, fatwas issued by the Indonesian Council of Ulama (DSN-MUI), and relevant academic works.

The findings indicate that fish trading practices at Pasar 23 Maret Kotamobagu have not fully reflected the principles of Islamic business ethics, particularly with regard to honesty, transparency, and responsibility. The study identifies practices involving the sale of fish with declining quality without clear disclosure to consumers, which fall under the categories of tadlīs (misrepresentation) and gharar (uncertainty) in Islamic law. From the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, such practices potentially violate several objectives of Islamic law, especially the protection of life (ḥifẓ al-nafs) and the protection of property (ḥifẓ al-māl).

This study concludes that the enforcement of Islamic business ethics in fish trading requires synergy between traders’ moral awareness, institutional supervision by market authorities, and consumer education. Therefore, the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah approach can serve as a comprehensive analytical framework for assessing and strengthening ethical business practices that promote justice and public welfare.

Keywords: Islamic business ethics, fish trading, traditional market, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, consumer protection.