THE MAN NOT TRULY ONE BUT TRULY TWO

KAJIAN HAKIKAT MANUSIA DALAM NOVEL THE STRANGE CASE OF DR. JEKYLL AND MR. HYDE

Abstract

Abstract: Abstracts Robert Louis Stevenson’s novel The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a literary work that deeply reflects on the nature of humankind, concerning the duality of identity, consciousness, and ethical responsibility. This study attempts to examine how the characters of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. The novel Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde reflects the conflict between moral reason and instinctive desires in humans, as well as how this novel satirizes the optimism of contemporary rationalism. The research technique used is a qualitative method with a review of literary text analysis combined with the perspective of philosophical anthropology and literary psychology. The theoretical basis of this research includes ideas about the soul and consciousness in ancient and contemporary philosophy (Plato, Aristotle, René Descartes, William James, and Edmund Husserl) and also Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory regarding the composition of personality Id, Ego, and Superego. The research output confirms that Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde are not two separate entities, but rather the embodiment of two aspects inherent in humans. The attempt to separate virtue and depravity through scientific procedures actually highlights the limitations of reason and the importance of moral responsibility. This novel functions as a philosophical reflection that emphasizes that humans are complex, full of paradoxes, and cannot ignore their dark side without existential repercussions.

Keywords: human nature, duality of personality, consciousness, philosophy of literature Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

Abstrak: Novel The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde karya Robert Louis Stevenson adalah sebuah karya sastra yang secara mendalam merefleksikan persoalan hakikat diri manusia,tatkala menyangkut dualitas jati diri,kesadaran, dan pertanggung jawaban etis. Penelitian ini berupaya menelaah bagaimana tokoh Dr. Jekyll dan Mr. Hyde memantulkan pertikaian antara akal budi moral dengan hasrat naluriah dalam diri insan, serta bagaimana novel ini menyindir optimisme rasionalisme kontemporer.

Teknik riset yang dipakai adalah metode kualitatif dengan tinjauan analisis teks kesusastraan yang dipadukan dengan sudut pandang antropologi filosofis dan psikologi sastra.Landasan teoretis.

penelitian ini mencakup gagasan perihal jiwa dan kesadaran dalam filsafat kuno dan kekinian(Plato, Aristoteles, René Descartes, William James,serta EdmundHusserl)dan juga teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud mengenai komposisi personalitas Id, Ego, dan Superego. Luaran penelitian menegaskan bahwa Dr. Jekyll dan Mr. Hyde bukanlah dua wujud yang terpisah, diri manusia. Upaya pemisahan antara kebajikan dan kebejatan melalui prosedur ilmiah sebetulnya menyoroti keterbatasan nalar dan arti penting pertanggung jawaban moral. Novel ini berfungsi sebagai renungan filosofis yang menegaskan bahwa manusia berperikatan rumit,penuh paradoks, dan tak bisa mengabaikan sisi gelap nyata pada eksistensial.

Kata kunci: hakikat manusia, dualitas kepribadian, kesadaran, filsafat sastra, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde