Digital Ghibah, Namimah, and Sukhriyah in Social Media Virality: Toward a Hadith-Based Ethics of Digital Communication

Abstract

This article examines ghibah, namimah, and sukhriyah within the culture of social media virality from the perspective of hadith-based digital communication ethics. The study is motivated by the increasing prevalence of digital communication practices that turn personal faults, conflict, and humiliation into public consumption through posts, comments, memes, reaction videos, screenshots, and viral content. This research employs a library research method with a thematic hadith (mawḍū‘ī) approach and conceptual-contextual analysis. The findings show that digital ghibah appears in the practice of exposing or discussing others’ faults; digital namimah emerges through the dissemination of information that damages social relations; and digital sukhriyah is manifested in mockery, degrading comments, and the culture of public shaming. This article argues that these three concepts can be contextualized as critical principles for developing hadith-based digital communication ethics, emphasizing tabayyun, the protection of human dignity, self-restraint